The abc правила чтения в виде сказки

The ABC

Once upon a time a big family lived in a faraway kingdom. The kingdom was very big, but first only the ABC Family inhabited a huge territory.
The family included 26 people. 6 of them (a, e, i, o, u, y) were very important. They were patriarchs that were called ‘vowels’ and told the 20 (b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r. s, t, v, w, x, z) others what to do.

Vowels
The vowels made up their own rules of behavior.
The first rule (the ‘magic’ ‘e’) says: ‘e is almost never pronounced at the end of the word’- cake, date, pie, bye, tie.
The second rule says: ‘when in an open syllable we, the vowels, are pronounced like in the ABC’: date, be, hi, go, student, my.
However, the consonants change vowels, because there are too many of them:

The consonants tell that if the vowels, stand before them or they surround them, like in a sandwich ‘a’ and ‘e’ are pronounced the following way:
 man – men, bad – bed, pan – pen, tan – ten, and – end.
There is only one difference: how you, people, open your mouth: if you open it very widely it is /a/, if you open it not so big, it is just /e/. And the meaning, of course, is different.

i is pronounced as /i/ in, win, dinner
o is pronounced as /o/ Bob, on, won
u is pronounced as /a/ but, up, suspect
Exceptions: bush, put, push, pull
Still another rule says: ‘there exists a special way of pronunciation when there is r before the vowel’: 
a bar, car, far
e her
i girl
o or
u fur

One more rule says: ‘re’ also changes the way of pronunciation of vowels:
a care /kear/  fare /fear/
e here /hier/ mere /mier/
i hire /haer/ fire /faer/
o more wore
u cure /kjur/ pure /pjur/