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Нобеля -
B. C. Barish

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RAINER WEISS Born 1932 in Berlin, Germany. Ph.D. 1962 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. Professor of Physics,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/weiss_rainer.html

BARRY C. BARISH Born 1936 in Omaha, NE, USA. Ph.D. 1962 from the University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Linde Professor of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
https://labcit.ligo.caltech.edu/~BCBActKIP S. THORNE

Born 1940 in Logan, UT, USA. Ph.D. 1965 from Princeton University, NJ, USA. Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
https://www.its.caltech.edu/~kip/index.
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Press Release: The Nobel Prize in Physics 2017  3 October 2017

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Physics 2017
with one half to Rainer Weiss LIGO/VIRGO Collaboration
 
and the other half jointly to Barry C. Barish LIGO/VIRGO Collaboration and
Kip S. Thorne LIGO/VIRGO Collaboration

"for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves"

Gravitational waves finally captured
On 14 September 2015, the universe's gravitational waves were observed for the very first time. The waves, which were predicted by Albert Einstein a hundred years ago, came from a collision between two black holes. It took 1.3 billion years for the waves to arrive at the LIGO detector in the USA.

The signal was extremely weak when it reached Earth, but is already promising a revolution in astrophysics. Gravitational waves are an entirely new way of observing the most violent events in space and testing the limits of our knowledge.

LIGO, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, is a collaborative project with over one thousand researchers from more than twenty countries. Together, they have realised a vision that is almost fifty years old. The 2017 Nobel Laureates have, with their enthusiasm and determination, each been invaluable to the success of LIGO. Pioneers Rainer Weiss and Kip S. Thorne, together with Barry C. Barish, the scientist and leader who brought the project to completion, ensured that four decades of effort led to gravitational waves finally being observed.

In the mid-1970s, Rainer Weiss had already analysed possible sources of background noise that would disturb measurements, and had also designed a detector, a laser-based interferometer, which would overcome this noise. Early on, both Kip Thorne and Rainer Weiss were firmly convinced that gravitational waves could be detected and bring about a revolution in our knowledge of the universe.

Gravitational waves spread at the speed of light, filling the universe, as Albert Einstein described in his general theory of relativity. They are always created when a mass accelerates, like when an ice-skater pirouettes or a pair of black holes rotate around each other. Einstein was convinced it would never be possible to measure them. The LIGO project's achievement was using a pair of gigantic laser interferometers to measure a change thousands of times smaller than an atomic nucleus, as the gravitational wave passed the Earth.

So far all sorts of electromagnetic radiation and particles, such as cosmic rays or neutrinos, have been used to explore the universe. However, gravitational waves are direct testimony to disruptions in spacetime itself. This is something completely new and different, opening up unseen worlds. A wealth of discoveries awaits those who succeed in capturing the waves and interpreting their message.

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Top publications by reads

 
GW170814: A three-detector observation of gravitational waves from a binary black hole coalescence
14k Reads
 
Astrophysically triggered searches for gravitational waves: status and prospects
5k Reads
 
First low-frequency Einstein@Home all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves in Advanced LIGO data
1k Reads
 
Search for high-energy neutrinos from gravitational wave event GW151226 and candidate LVT151012 with ANTARES and IceCube
1k Reads
 
Search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 in the first Advanced LIGO observing run with a hidden Markov model
1k Reads
 
All-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the O1 LIGO data
09/2017; 96(6). DOI:10.1103/PhysRevD.96.062002
1k Reads
 
Upper Limits on Gravitational Waves from Scorpius X-1 from a Model-based Cross-correlation Search in Advanced LIGO Data
The Astrophysical Journal 09/2017; 847(1):47. DOI:10.3847/1538-4357/aa86f0
1k Reads
 
The basic physics of the binary black hole merger GW150914
Annalen der Physik 01/2017; 529.
1k Reads
 
Directional Limits on Persistent Gravitational Waves from Advanced LIGO’s First Observing Run
Physical Review Letters 03/2017; 118(12).
1k Reads
 
Search for Gravitational Waves Associated with Gamma-Ray Bursts during the First Advanced LIGO Observing Run and Implications for the Origin of GRB 150906B
1k Reads
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