Bashly near Eski Ghent

Cities of Khazaria. Kromos Estatium
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     The khazar cities here include not only those cities that were built by the khazar architects, but also those that were built before the arrival of the khazars, were used by the khazars for their needs and tasks for a long time.
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Bashly near Eski Ghent **
     Also, Yukhari- Bashly
     Archaeologists have not yet determined exactly where the city of Bashly was located. It is only known that it was located between the area of Chirmi and the territory of Haji kutan near the present Eski Ghent, that is, the Old village.
     Sometimes it identificeret with Cupcayakeent settlement. But this statement has not yet been confirmed with complete certainty.
     This city was founded at the end of the 3rd century after the birth of Christ, when the Kingdom of the huns came to the Kumyk plain.
     People settled here since the 2nd millennium before the New Faith, but these were temporary, seasonal camps. Only in the first centuries BC on this place there are the first mills with permanent structures. At the beginning of the 2nd century after the birth of Christ, a permanent settlement appeared here, but it did not fulfill any strategic tasks.
     The huns who came here in the 3rd century were able to send part of the caravans of the Great Silk Road across the Kumyk plain, which required fortified points on this road.
     The city may have received its name from the barsil, one of the hunno-turkic tribes that came here in the 4th century and formed the basis of the military garrison that settled in the city.
     Features of the soft flat and foothill climate made it possible to engage in cattle breeding without the need to harvest a large amount of hay.
     The basis of agriculture was grain plants: wheat, barley, millet, oats and mainly rice, and they also cultivate cotton quite often, while silk is mostly only for their own needs.
     The artisans who lived in the city were famous for the production of weapons, since the city had a military garrison for several centuries.
     The ethnic basis of the city's inhabitants were autochthonous tribes, the core of which were the kumyks, of kavkasin origin, and finally formed in the khazar era, as well as the dargins of the kipchak-oguz-bulgar conglomerate of clans and tribes.
     The owners of the city, the kumyk khagans and shamkhals, were at the forefront of all the trade and military campaigns of the eastern highlanders in Transcaucasia. Active participation in affairs outside of the country, as part of the hunnic, arab, khazar and Horde groups allowed people from the Kumyk platform to perceive and merge with the iranian, slavic, turanian tribes, and become cultural guides from Asia to Europe and back.
     Hence, on the one hand, loyalty to external cultural influences, and on the other hand, the basic customs of the indigenous population of the Kumyk platform are generally similar to the customs of other caucasian mountaineers, allowing deviations from them.
     Many ancient cities and fortresses were built on the ethnic territory of the Kumyk plain peoples, and arab, byzantine, persian, russian, armenian and georgian rulers participated in the construction of these cities.
     In general, these were flourishing cities of the era of the Kingdom of the huns, the persian Shahinshahs, the Khazar Khaganate, and the Golden Horde.
     After the retreat of the khazars, a tribe appeared here, which received the name basly in history. Local experts in antiquities indicate that they knew old-timers from mountain villages, who remember from their great-grandfathers that this city was once called Baslas.
     From the very beginning of its existence, people with weapons settled in Bashly, which allowed them to maintain their relative independence. This quality was preserved for the residents of the city and its surrounding area, for the baslins, who were considered a free and rebellious people until the end of the 18th century.
     At one time Bashly was considered a Republic, at another time the city with its district was called a Principality, in the 19th century it belonged to the Kutag utsmiystvo, but lived independently.
     For this their liberty, and desire to be free baslins not once were beaten, their city was repeatedly destroyed.
     The last devastation to the city was caused in 1877 by the troops of the Russian Empire. After that, the city was settled in three villages, and its restoration was always stopped by the authorities.
     It is considered that the bulk and freedom of the population of Bashly moved to the village Alexandrkent, now Bashlykent. However, this is another story that is not related to the ancient history of Bashly.
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