Patreus of Taman

Cities of Khazaria. Kromos Estatium
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     The khazar cities here include not only those cities that were built by the khazar architects, but also those that were built before the arrival of the khazars, were used by the khazars for their needs and tasks for a long time.
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Patreus of Taman **
     Also, Patra, Patresi.
     The city was located in the Northern Black sea region. Today, Patrei is confidently associated with the settlement on the northern shore of the Taman Bay, near the village of Garkusha in the present Krasnodar territory.
     Originally, it was a settlement of people who belonged to the sabatinovo culture, which existed here until the 12th century BC. It was replaced by the tribes of the belozersk culture, mainly cimmerians.
     The inhabitants of the settlement actively traded with their neighbors, especially with the related population of the Dniester and the Lower Danube.
     There are preserved ceramics of the cimmerian period, as well as metalworking products of previous periods made of tin bronze for jewelry, weapons, and agriculture. The economy was based on cattle breeding and agriculture.
     In the middle of the 6th century before Christ, Greek colonists from Ionia or Miletus came here. Here they put a small town that cultivated in the vicinity of the creation of agricultural products, which were then exported to the cities of the Bblack sea and the Mediterranean sea. The city at this time most likely belonged to the Syndica.
     In 438 BC, the city of Patreus joined the Delos Union.
     In 408 BC, Patreus is part of the Bosporan state under king Satyr I.
     In the 5th century, the area of Patreus was 8 hectares. The city was divided into two parts: the Upper city and the Lower city. The Upper city was surrounded by a moat, where merchants houses and public buildings were located. The lower city housed merchants and agricultural artisans.
     There were also suburbs with estates that covered an area of more than 40 hectares. There were also many farmsteads along the edges of the roads leading to the city.
     In the middle of the 1st century BC, the city died out.
     In the 1st century after the birth of Christ, Patreus blooms again. During the reign of Asander, a 0.7 hectare fortress was built in the city. There were four towers at the corners of the fortress wall. And on the fronts were made gates in four croup each. The city itself was expanding towards the fortress at this time.
     In the middle of the 3rd century, Patreus manages to avoid destruction during the invasions of the goths, sarmatians and alans.
     Until the 4th century after the birth of Christ, Patreus developed well. In the cultural layer of the settlement of this time, there are no remnants of destruction or fires.
     In the 5th century, Patreus was completely destroyed. Some faint life remains in the ruins, but it is no longer city life. Life was preserved only on the ruins of the fortress.
     Only in the 8th century, with the arrival of the khazars, trade was revived here again, and the city began to rise.
     In the 10th century, Khazaria fell, the dark times of tmutorokan are coming here, and the city is going through a period of decline again.
     Since the 12th century, Patreus has grown stronger again. Trade with neighboring lands is revived, Kiev and Novgorod merchants appear.
     In the 13th century, the city was again deserted, due to the mongol expansion to Taman, which resulted in the termination of all trade relations.
     More Patreus as the city is not mentioned anywhere, and since the 13th century there appears a village Poshukay. Its name very faintly resembles the original name of the city of Patreus.
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