Nekrasovskoe

Cities of Khazaria. Kromos Estatium
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     The khazar cities here include not only those cities that were built by the khazar architects, but also those that were built before the arrival of the khazars, were used by the khazars for their needs and tasks for a long time.
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Nekrasovskoe **
     Archaeologists believe that in ancient times there was a city with a fortress on the site of the Nekrasov settlement. The city on the banks of the Terek river with its villages and settlements occupied an area of 12 hectares. It was located five kilometers from the present dagestani village of Nekrasovka, from which it received its modern name.
     This city is known only from the materials of archaeological excavations, which were not carried out on a full scale.
     The first permanent settlement appears here at the beginning of the 3rd century, which, most likely, was associated with the beginning of the turkic expansion from the north. Fasty legends of arab and persian chroniclers of the 9th century note that the persian Shahinshahs at the end of the 6th century took care of the safety of trade routes leading to Europe from Iran through the Chor Gate near present-day Derbent and further along the Kumyk Highway to the Don steppes towards the Black Sea.
     From the 2nd century BC, the persians had absolute control over this section of the Great Silk Road. However, since the 4th century of the New Faith, the hunnic hordes came to the North Caucasus, which by the 6th century had self-organized into the Great hunnic Union, which went down in history under the name of the Kingdom of the huns, and in the 7th century as the Western Turkic Khaganate.
     At the end of the 7th century, saviro-bulgar tribes flooded here, and with them came the power of the Khazar Khaganate. The khazars strengthen the ancient fortifications of the city, turning them into a fortress. Here, since the beginning of the 8th century, a military garrison has been in service, which was recruited from local men.
     Throughout the first half of the 8th century, the Arab Caliphate and the Khazar Khaganate are fighting for the Kumyk Tract. The fortress has been destroyed several times.
     In 739, the city was also subjected to a thorough destruction, when the arab commander Mervan, the future Caliph, subjected to demonstrative destruction of many fortresses on the Caspian coast, in order to force the local leaders, who called themselves Mountain kings, to join his army and expel the khazars with him from here.
     All this ended only with mutual promises, Mervan had to chase the Khagan alone along the banks of the Volga, and when autumn came, he had to leave all the loot in the khazar cities on the way home, and much of it went to the Mountain Kings.
     During the winter, the khazars restored the walls of the fortress, and the city continued to serve the military garrison and passing caravans.
     Preliminary excavations showed that the city was surrounded by high ramparts, and the walls of the fortress were made of glinobit and mud bricks. The thickness of the walls at the base reached 6 meters, and they were 4 meters high. There were watchtowers at the corners of the walls.
     A summary analysis of the cultural layers in the settlement shows that the city and the fortress reached their maximum development in the khazar period, and the largest remnants of the population's activity in the city correlate well with the saltov culture characteristic of the savir-bulgars and khazars.
     Local archaeologists also believe that the system of cities with fortresses, which included the Nekrasov settlement, was one of the centers of the saltov-mayatsk culture, which then spread throughout the khazar territories.
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